Photographic film picture and process of producing the same



O.BORNHAUSER Nov. 1, 1932 PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM PICTURE AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING THE SAME Filed Sept. 10

INVENTOR. v L rwLJLQ4-QL BY Zhuai 7 4; ATTORN s Patented Nov. 1 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OS KAR BORNHAUSER, OF FRANKFORT-ON-E HE-MAIN, GERI IANY PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM PICTURE AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING THE SAME Application filed September 10, 1928, Serial No. 305,066, and in Germany October 3, 1926.

, trick films. The invention finds its particular usefulness in its adaptation to moving picture films, although by no means limited thereto.

An object of the invention is to produce films of the character described, in a unique and highly satisfactory commercial manner enabling rapid and economical production;

and in the novel and unique process employed to produce the same.

Other and more specific objects and advantages of the invention will more fully appear from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing illustrating by way of example the preferred product and the method of producing the same.

The invention consists in the novel product herein described and in the novel process for producing the samehereinafter described in accordance with certain preferred embodiments thereof, and the invention will be more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawing: V Fig. 1 is a greatly enlarged diagrammatic illustration of various cross sections of progressive steps in the process of producing a film,

Fig. 2 illustrates-a strip of negative film of the object photographed,

Fig. 3 illustrates a positive of Fig. 2 after treatment,

Fig. 4. illustrates the positive fihn of Fig. 3 after further treatmen Fig. 5 illustrates a further step in the treatment after'the positive has been blackened to produce a photographic mask,

Fig. 6 illustrates a composite film negative comprising the mask of Fig. 5 and the original negative,

Fig. 7 illustrates a positive print made from Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 illustrates the film of Fig. 7 after being colored, and I Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic illustration similar to Fig. 1 illustrating the manner of producing colored positive films.

With reference to the drawing, and more particularly Fig. 1: a negative 1 is made ofthe desired object and comprises dark parts 1a and light parts 16, representing respec tively the area of the object image, and the clear film field. This negative (see also Fig.

- 2) is then printed on a chromatized and silvered positive film 2, i. e. a film.which has been silvered and treated with chr'omate. While this printing may readily be done from the front face of the film 2, in view of the fact that the gelatin is only 1 to 2/100 of a millimeter; nevertheless as is well understood by those skilled in the art, printing may be done from the bottom side of the film through the support of the same if desired. The positive 2 is then coated with a thin coat of'varnish thereby resulting in a positive 3 on which the object is nearly invisible and whose dark parts 3a are hardened and are nearly insoluble in a given bath,.such' for example as hot water, and whose light parts, 36 are unhardened and are relatively more soluble. The film 3 is then treated in hot water until it loses all unhardened parts, such as 3?), with their silver; whilst-the parts such as 3a remain as a positive relief of halogen silver. The film in this stage is illus trated as 4 with the relief of halogen of silver designated as 4?). This stage is also ti t shown in Fig. 3. The surface of the film 4: p

is prepared afterwards or directly during bathing with a covering impermeable by the fixing bath. This protective coating may be "effected by pouring over the film a dilute varnish solution; or by bathing the film in a soap solution, in which latter case a chrome soap that isdiflicult to wet is thus precipitated upon the exposed places, which contain chromium hydroxide. This results in placing a coating 50 on the film designated as 5.

The film 5 is then treated for a suitable time in a fixing bath and as a result the silver halide disappears everywhere where the fixin bath has access, i.e. at the edges indicatef as 6d on the film 6 (Fig. 1). The smallest parts of the relief portions are entirely dissolved as well as a small zone at the contour of the object image, such as at 661, resulting in an image as shown in Fig. 4. The coating designated as 50 (Fig. 1) is removed, such for example as by washing away or dissolving it by benzene or other suitable solvent. The result is designated as 7 in Fig. 1,

and results in a photo and it will be noted with reference to Fig. 4 that the film presents a halogen silver positive without any details of the fine tracings which have remained up to this point as fine lines within the outline of the image (Fig. 3), and with the light parts 7 a a little greater in area than the corresponding homologous parts of the original negative.

The positive thus produced is preferably blackened as by treatment with a developer aphic mask designated as 8 (Fig. 1) and illustrated in Fig. 5, presenting a positive whose images such as 8a correspond in shape and position to those of the negative, but are somewhat larger,

and which no longer manifest any detail tracings. This mask is then made to coincide with the original negative, such asby meansof the marginal perforations, thus resulting in a composite negative 9 (Figs. 1 and 6 in which the imageson 'a dark ground are e ged by a delicate outline 9a, with all the fine tracings easily visible through the mask. The mask ositive and original negative are then pre erably united in register, as by cement.

From this composite negative as many positives, such as 10 (Fig. 7), may be produced as are desirable, by means of the usual copying procedure. Such positives com prise an image inline tracing simulating a delicately drawn image, and the outline of which is designated as 1011. In Figs. 6 and 7 the outlines or contours of the images designated respectively as 9a and 10a are greatly exaggerated in order to clearly indicate their presence. 4 If desired the film may be colored either as to the lines, the background, or both. In 7 such event the positive print, such as 10,

should be made on a chromate film, and in tinting or coloring the film the following process has been found satisfactory, although a the hereinbefore described process is of course adapted to be used as above described to produce films as illustrated in Fig. 7, and may .also be used in connection with other or further steps as will be well understood by those skilled in the art. I

The process of coloring as hereinafter described is based upon the well'known property of layers containing chromate, that they become insoluble upon exposure to light. This property alone, however, is not sufiicient to give the desired results, since by prior or subsequent coloring of the chromate layer-in the usual manner the resultant film consisted of light and dark areas, but no line contours were thus produced. By the present process only the contours or edges of the chromate layer are tinted; while the large areas themselves, whether light or dark in the negative, remain untinted, i. e. contiguous borders between light and dark areas only are tinted on the corresponding positive.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 9: the composite negative 9 (Fig. 6), diagrammatically illustrated on an enlarged scale in Fig. 9, is printed from onto a positive chromate unsilvered film 11. This results in a nearly invisible positive 12 with soluble and insoluble gelatin parts. The film 12 is coated, either before or after-development, with a surface coating nearly impenetrable by hot water, thereby presenting a film as indicated as 13 with a covering indicated as 13a. One suitable means of providing such a coating on the surface of the film is bybathing the film in a soap solution, in which case a chrome soap which is diflicult to wet is thus precipitated on the exposed places, which contain chromium hydroxide, resulting from the light reduction of the chromate. The film is then put into hot water a suflicient time to dissolve the gelatin parts of the film which have been unexposed to light, i. e. such as 13?), including the covering skin, so that there remains a gelatin relief, whose front surface is covered with a skin impervious to a watery aniline coloring bath. The film at this stage is designated as 14 and the undissolved parts are designated as 14a with the coating of such parts indicated as 146. The film is then sub- ]ected to an aniline color bath containing the desired color to be imparted to the film, and in such bath the color attacks only the edges or contours of the relief portions of the film as at 15a on the film designated at this stage as,15. It will therefore be seen that the marginal edges only of the relief ortions are thereby colored. The result of t is step produces the film indicated as 16. The duration of the coloring period in the aniline bath may be regulated to limit the coloring to the desired degree of penetration from the side of the relief portions of the film, thereby resulting in producing contours of the desired width surrounding the relief portions of the film. By limiting the coloring treatment, these zones of coloring may be restricted to narrow lines, sothat after the film is cleaned, there results only small color contours instead i of dark broad parts as present in the ordinary positive. This results in an effect similar to a line drawing and having the desired color outline.

After its completion, the film represents an outline drawing consisting of practically 'colorless layers 16a of chromium hydroxide with a narrow colored border zone 16b and clear celluloid spots 160. The celluloid portions 160 being free from gelatin may be subjected to independent coloring without .detriment or interference with the coloring of the gelatin parts, and vice versa, since the aniline color does not afiect the celluloid parts, and the celluloid parts may be suitably colored by a dye bath containing amyl acetate and an addition of oil thereto to thereby entirely prevent the tinting of the chromate gelatin layer. If a colored background is desired, the film may be treated as above explained, resulting in a film such as' 17 (see also Fig. 8) in which the celluloid background 17a is coloredand the chromate portions 17?) remain uncoloredv but with dark outlines 170; thereby providing a film 17 on which the images are white with .dark outlines on a colored ground. It is also possible to color the gelatin relief portions of the'film, in which event the protec-- tive layer 166 is rubbed or washed off and the chromate portions designated as 180 are in turn tinted with an independent color, producing thereby the film 18 on which appear colored images 180 with dark outlines 18b and a clear ground 18a.

Still another possibility is illustrated in the film 19 (Fig. 9), where thevcelluloid background 19a and the gelatin relief portions 190 are colored in different colors with darker contour outlines 191), according to the principles hereinabove described all of which will be understood by those skilled in the art.

It will be seen that by the present process I have provided means for producing a composite negative from which as many positives as desired may be printed in the usual chemical photographical process and from which also suitable positives in the desired number may be made and said positives may be colored in many ways according to the demand. Since the original negative is made in the usual photographic manner the smoothness of movement of the objects and persons is as sured and from this negative corresponding positives may be made according to the hereindescribcd process and in a manner presenting a highly successful commercial manufacture.

While the invention is particularly adapted to moving pictures, it is to be understood, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, that it is advantageously adapted to the production of stills or single pictures. One of such anticipated uses is the preparation of fashion plates and similar photographs,

and scope of my invention, and I aim in the.

appended claims to cover such changes and modifications as are within the scope of the invention. v

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a photographic negative, the combi-' nation of a negative having the usual characteristics of a photographic negative in which the fine lines and tracings of the object image are present, and a photographic mask in superposed and registered position with said negative and inwhich the silhouette outline only of the object imagecorrespondingto the 1 first negative is present, said silhouette outline being larger than said object image.

'2. Ina photographic negative, the combination of a negative having the usual characteristics of a photographic negativein which the fine lines and'tracings of the object image are present, and a photographic mask in superposed and registered position with said negative and in which the silhouette outline only of the object image corresponding to the first negative is present, the image of said mask being larger in outline than the image of said first negative thereby presenting a composite negative in which the said image is outlined by a contour defined by said mask and said negative image, within which outline the fine lines and tracings of the image appear.

3. In a moving picture film negative, the a combination of a negative having the usual characteristics of photographic negatives in which the fine lines and tracings of the images representing movin ObJGCtS are present,

and a photographic mas bearing transpar i said relief, darkenin the which the fine lines and tracings of the images representing moving objects are present, and a photographic mask bearing transparent images of moving objects homologous to the images of said negative in superposed registration with respectively homologous images of said negative, the images of said mask being larger in area than the-respectively homologous images of said negative thereby presenting a composite negative in which the images are outlined as drawn lines within which the fine lines or tracings of the image appear, said lines being in the form of transparencies with an opaque background or field.

5. The process of producing a photographic negative, which comprises taking a negative of the desired object in such manner that details of the object are present on the negative object image in fine lines and the image outline is sharply defined, printing from said negative onto asilvered and chroniatized film to produce a positive copy of said negative,

dissolving the photographically unexposed parts of said positive to thereby produce a positive relief, entirely removing the halogensilver from the finer portions of said relief and partially removing the halogen-silver from the contour of the coarser portions of elatin portions of the relief unaffected to t ereby produce a negative in the form of a photographic mask, and aligning such mask in proper registered position with the original negative.

6. The. process of producing a photographic negative, which comprises taking a negative of the desired object in such manner that fine lines of the object are present, printing from said negative onto a silvered and chromatized film to produce a positive copy, treating the film in a liquid bath to dissolve the photographically unexposed parts of the same and leave intact the photographically exposed parts of the same to thereby produce a positive relief, treating the surface of the relief portions to produce a surfacecovering impermeable by a fixing bath, subjecting the film to a fixing bath, darkening the gelatin portions of the relief unaffected by said fixing bath to thereby produce a negative in the form of a photographic mask, and aligning such mask in proper registered position with the original negative.

7. The process of producing aphotographic negative, which comprises taking a negative of the desired object in such manner that fine lines of the object details are present on the negative obj ect image, printing from said negative onto a silvered and chro-' matizedfilm to produce a positive copy having photographically exposed hardened and photographically unexposed unhardened parts, coating the positive with a coating or protective layer, treating the film in a liquid bath to dissolve-the unhardened parts of the graphicnegative, which comprises taking a negative of the desired object in such manner that fine lines of the object details are present on the negative object image, printing from said negative onto a silvered and chromatized film to produce a positive copy having photographica-lly exposed hardened and photographically unexposed unhardened parts, coating the positive with a coating or protective layer, treating the film in hot water to dissolve the unhardened parts of the same and leave intact the hardened parts of the same to thereby produce a positive relief,

treating the surface of the relief portions to produce a surface covering impermeable by a fixing bath, subjecting the film to a fixing bath to remove halogen-silver from the accessible sides of said exposed relief, darkening the gelatin portions of the relief unaffected by said fixing bath to thereby'produce a negative in the form of a photographic mask, and aligning such mask in proper registered position with the original negative.

9. The process of producing a photographic negative, which comprises taking a negative of the desired object in such manner that details of the object are present on the negative object image, printing from said negative on to a silvered and chromatized film to produce a positive copy of said negative, treating said positive to provide aphotographic mask by dissolving unexposed parts and slightly reducing exposed parts of said positive to thereby provide a transparent sil houette of said image homologous to but slightly larger than the image of said negative and suitably treating said positive to provide a darkened field exterior to said silhouette, and aligning such mask in proper registered position with the said negative so that the homologous images thereof are in register.

10. The process of producing a photographic negative, which comprises taking a negative of the desired object in such manner that details of the objectare present on the negative object image, printing from said negative on to a silvered and chromatized film to produce a positive copy of saidnegative, treating said positive to provide a photoaphic mask by dissolving unexposed parts and slightly reducing exposed parts of said positive to thereby provide a transparent silouette of said image homologous to but slightly larger than the image of said negative and suitably treating said positive to rovide a darkened field exterior to said sil- 5 houette, aligning such mask in proper registered position with the said negative so that the-homologous images thereof are in register, and prlnting apositive from said combined negative and positive. In testimony whereof I have signed my 'name to this specification.

OS BORUSER. 

